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Last modified by Zenna Elfen on 2025/11/24 12:07
From version 10.1
edited by Zenna Elfen
on 2025/11/23 22:49
Change comment: Deleted image "image.jpg"
To version 13.1
edited by Zenna Elfen
on 2025/11/24 11:47
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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3 -This page contains an overview of all P4P Networks in this wiki. You can also [[add a P4P Network>>doc:Projects.WebHome]] or have a look at the [[P4P Applications>>doc:P4P.Applications.WebHome]].
3 +This page contains an overview of all P4P Networks in this wiki and their building blocks.
4 +
5 +You can also [[add a P4P Network>>doc:Projects.WebHome]] or have a look at the [[P4P Applications>>doc:P4P.Applications.WebHome]].
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13 +
14 +
15 +== Building Blocks of P4P Networks ==
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20 +Lost in translation? Take a look at the [[terminology>>doc:P4P.Definitions.WebHome]].
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23 +To fully assemble a P4P network one needs a few different building blocks. The following is an overview of the building blocks needed for P4P networks.
24 +
25 +
26 +##### 9. **Data Synchronization**
27 +
28 +> Synchronization answers **how updates flow between peers** and how they determine what data to exchange. This layer is about **diffing, reconciliation, order, causality tracking, and efficient exchange**, not persistence or user-facing collaboration semantics.
29 +
30 +- _How do peers detect differences and synchronize state?_
31 +- Examples: Range-Based Set Reconciliation, RIBLT, Gossip-based sync, State-based vs op-based sync, Lamport/Vector/HLC clocks, Braid Protocol
32 +
33 +*Relevant links or documentation:*
34 +
35 +
36 +##### 10. **Collaborative Data Structures & Conflict Resolution**
37 +
38 +> This layer defines **how shared data evolves** when multiple peers edit concurrently. It focuses on **conflict-free merging, causality, and consistency of meaning**, not transport or storage. CRDTs ensure deterministic convergence, while event-sourced or stream-driven models maintain a history of all changes and derive consistent state from it.
39 +
40 +- _How do peers collaboratively change shared data and merge conflicts?_
41 +- Examples: CRDTs (Yjs, Automerge), OT, Event Sourcing, Stream Processing, Version Vectors, Peritext
42 +
43 +*Relevant links or documentation:*
44 +
45 +
46 +##### 11. **Data Storage & Replication**
47 +
48 +> This layer focuses on **durability, consistency, and redundancy**. It handles write-paths, crash-resilience, and replication semantics across nodes. It is the “database/storage engine” layer where **data lives and survives over time**, independent of sync or merging logic.
49 +
50 +- _How is data persisted locally and replicated between peers?_
51 +- Examples: SQLite, IndexedDB, LMDB, Hypercore (append-only logs), WALs, Merkle-DAGs (IPFS/IPLD), Blob/media storage
52 +
53 +*Relevant links or documentation:*
54 +
55 +##### 12. **Peer & Content Discovery**
56 +
57 +> Discovery occurs in two phases:
58 +> 1. **Peer Discovery** → finding _any_ nodes
59 +> 2. **Topic Discovery** → finding _relevant_ nodes or resources
60 +> These mechanisms enable decentralized bootstrapping and interest-based overlays.
61 +
62 +
63 +- _How do peers find each other, and how do they discover content in the network?_
64 +- Examples: DHTs (Kademlia, Pastry), mDNS, DNS-SD, Bluetooth scanning, QR bootstrapping, static peer lists, Interest-based routing, PubSub discovery (libp2p), Rendezvous protocols
65 +
66 +*Relevant links or documentation:*
67 +
68 +##### 13. **Identity & Trust**
69 +
70 +> Identity systems ensure reliable mapping between peers and cryptographic keys. They underpin authorization, federated trust, and secure overlays.
71 +
72 +- _How peers identify themselves, authenticate, and establish trustworthy relationships?_
73 +- Examples: PKI, Distributed Identities (DIDs), Web-of-Trust, TOFU (SSH-style), Verifiable Credentials (VCs), Peer key fingerprints (libp2p PeerIDs), Key transparency logs
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78 +
79 +
80 +== Distributed Network Types ==
81 +
82 +
83 +[[Flowchart depicting distributed network variants, under development. Building on work from Z. Elfen, 2024: ~[~[https:~~~~/~~~~/doi.org/10.17613/naj7d-6g984~>~>https://doi.org/10.17613/naj7d-6g984~]~]>>image:P4P_Typology.png||alt="Flowchart depicting typologies of distributed networks, such as Friend-2-Friend, Grassroots Networks, Federated Networks, Local-First, P2P and P4P Networks" data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" height="649" width="639"]]
84 +
85 +
86 +
87 +== Overview of P4P Networks ==
88 +
11 11  {{include reference="Projects.WebHome"/}}
P4P_Typology.png
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